Listening to music during ambulatory ophthalmic surgery reduced blood pressure, heart rate, and perceived stress.

Intervention Surgeons (n=2) were allocated to music (20 patients) or no music (20 patients). Patients in the music group were given stereo headphones, a cassette player, and a choice of 22 types of music (including soft hits, classical guitar, chamber music, and folk music); patients listened to their selected music during the preoperative, surgical, and postoperative periods. All patients received midazolam hydrochloride and alfentanil hydrochloride. Special care was taken to give equal amounts of attention to both groups.